FEATURES OF CONSTITUTION BORROWED FROM OTHER COUNTRIES

US	·        Written Constitution ·        President  as executive head. ·        Vice- President as the ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha ·        Fundamental Rights ·        Supreme Court ·        Provision of States ·        Independence of Judiciary and judicial review ·        Preamble ·        Removal of Supreme court and High court Judges
UK	Impeachment of the president • Post of vice-president • Removal of Supreme Court and High court judges. • Fundamental Rights • Judicial review • Independence of judiciary Election commission
IRELAND	• Directive Principles of State Policy • Election of the president • Members nomination to the Rajya Sabha
USSR	Fundamental Duties Five year Plan
CANADA	• Centrifugal form of federalism where the centre is stronger than the states. • Residuary powers vest with the centre • Centre appoints the Governors at the states • Advisory jurisdiction of the supreme court
AUSTRALIA	• Concept of Concurrent list • Article 108 i.e. Joint sitting of the two houses • Freedom of trade and commerce
FRANCE	• Concept of  “Republic” • Ideals of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity(contained in the Preamble)
SOUTH AFRICA	• Election of members of the Rajya Sabha • Amendment of the Constitution
JAPAN	Law on which the Supreme Court function
GERMANY	Suspension of Fundamental Rights during the emergency