Tuesday 11 July 2023

IAS TOPPER INTERVIEWS Aniruddh Yadav-AIR 8-2022

 

Aniruddh Yadav, an B.Tech, and M.Tech from IIT Delhi has cracked UPSC Civil Services 2022 cracked exam in his first attempt, however, he got IRPS (Indian Railway Personnel Services), in his second attempt he got the Indian Information Service (IIS) and is currently serving there. However Aniruddh wanted to become an IAS and his fourth attempt, due to his perseverance he has not just cracked the exam, but is among the top 10 ranks.




Q. Tell something about yourself, and your educational background?

A. I am from Delhi and completed my schooling and higher education in Delhi only as I did my B.Tech and M.Tech from IIT Delhi only.

Q. What attracted you to the civil services?

A. I chose Civil Services because I always wanted to do something for society and my interest was in research. However to do research I had to go abroad and I wanted to stay in the country so I chose to prepare for civil services.

Q. Was this your first attempt? How many attempts do you take?

A. This was my fourth attempt. On the first two attempts also I cleared the exam in the first attempt I got selected for the Indian Railway Personnel Service (IRPS) and on my second attempt I got selected for India Information Services, where I am currently serving. On the third attempt, I could not clear the prelims and this was my fourth attempt.

Q. Tell something about your preparation strategy?

A. Fundamentally I focused on the core books and most importantly I had the guidance of my elder brother who is himself an IAS officer, so I did not take any coaching. Mostly it was syllabus oriented, as you the main syllabus from which questions will be asked looking at the previous year’s papers.

Specifically for prelims I focused on tests, I used to give hundreds of tests. For Mains I tried to learn answer writing, I also looked at copies of previous year's toppers.

Q. What challenges you had to face while preparing for one of the toughest competitive exams?

A. Sitting every day, and following the same routine is a struggle, but it is important to have faith in yourself.

Q. As you had already joined Indian Information Service, was it difficult to work and prepare at the same time?

A. It was not much difficult because my training started in December and by that time most parts of my civil services exam were over, so I was able to devout time preparing for the interview.

Q. What subjects you chose for the Mains exam, what is the reason behind selecting those subjects?

A. I chose Anthropology because I had Biotechnology in my B. Tech and Anthropology I selected because it is directly related to Biotechnology.

Q. Did you give special emphasis to some particular sections or equal emphasis on all sections?

A. I gave equal emphasis to all the sections.

Q. How important is the UPSC Interview part? How were you able to crack it?

A. It is very important because a lot depends on the interview part. It is important to cover all the basics for the interview and be confident to face it.

Q. How important are mock test series at different stages of this examination? How did you prepare for it?

A. It is very-very important for all three stages of the UPSC Civil Services examination because that is the simulation of the real test. I think as much as you practice mock tests it would show how well you will perform in the exam, as that is one of the pivotal parts.

Q. Please share the important books you referred to for the Mains Exam.

A. There was a second ARC Report, I also referred to the NCERT Geography book, Vision IAS material.

Q. What should be the approach to Mains Answer Writing/ How did you practice the Answer writing for Mains?

A. For answer writing one can join any good coaching institute where they can practice on test series so that one can improve. I think self-assessment is also important, what are the questions that are likely to come based on current affairs.

Q. How one should prepare the Current Affairs and the Role of the Newspapers in its preparation?

A. Reading newspapers is very important as I think it is fodder for stuff, as you get to know what is happening around you, what is there in the news.

Q. What tips you would like to give to students who are preparing for the UPSC CSE 2023?

A. I would suggest them to believe in themselves, and not be stressed out. It is important to give 100 percent every day as it helps you perform optimally. Try to cover basics, be disciplined, it is important to meet targets every day, having a schedule and keeping small targets is important and try to complete them

 

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Socio-Economic Impact of COVID-19 on the Indian Economy

Analyzing Consequences on Public Health, Education, Employment, Poverty, and Inequality

Introduction:
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the Indian economy, resulting in significant disruptions across various sectors. The socio-economic consequences of the pandemic in India have been far-reaching, affecting public health, education, employment, poverty, and inequality. This essay aims to analyze the specific implications of COVID-19 on the Indian economy and its social fabric.

Impact on Public Health:
The health impact of COVID-19 in India has been substantial, straining healthcare infrastructure and resources. The surge in cases overwhelmed hospitals, exposing gaps in preparedness and resource allocation. The need for healthcare facilities, medical supplies, and personnel placed a burden on the already fragile healthcare system. Additionally, the pandemic's direct and indirect consequences on public health, including delays in non-COVID-19 healthcare services and mental health challenges, have exacerbated the overall healthcare crisis.

Impact on Education:
The closure of educational institutions in India during the pandemic resulted in a significant disruption to the education system. Students faced challenges adapting to online learning, primarily due to limited access to technology and internet connectivity, particularly among marginalized communities. The digital divide deepened inequalities, with students from disadvantaged backgrounds experiencing difficulty in accessing quality education. Learning outcomes suffered, exacerbating existing socio-economic disparities.

Impact on Employment:
The Indian economy witnessed a sharp contraction due to the pandemic, leading to widespread job losses and reduced income opportunities. The strict lockdown measures resulted in the closure of businesses, particularly in sectors such as hospitality, tourism, and retail. Informal workers, comprising a significant portion of the workforce, were disproportionately affected, facing income insecurity and limited social protection. The pandemic highlighted the vulnerabilities of India's labor market and the need for enhanced social security measures.

Impact on Poverty:
COVID-19 has pushed millions into poverty in India, reversing gains made in poverty reduction efforts. Economic disruptions, job losses, and reduced income have disproportionately affected marginalized communities. The pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in India's informal sector, with workers experiencing heightened food insecurity, inadequate housing, and limited access to essential services. Eradicating poverty and promoting inclusive growth have become even more critical in the post-pandemic recovery phase.

Impact on Inequality:
The pandemic has deepened existing socio-economic inequalities in India. Marginalized communities, including women, children, and ethnic minorities, have faced disproportionate impacts due to pre-existing systemic disparities. Access to healthcare, education, and social protection has become even more unequal. The digital divide has widened, hindering remote work, education, and access to essential services for marginalized populations. Bridging these gaps is crucial to fostering inclusive development and addressing inequality.

Conclusion:
The socio-economic impact of COVID-19 on the Indian economy has been significant, affecting public health, education, employment, poverty, and inequality. The pandemic has exposed vulnerabilities in various sectors and emphasized the need for comprehensive strategies to mitigate these consequences. Policymakers must prioritize strengthening the healthcare system, addressing educational disparities, promoting job creation and social protection measures, and implementing policies that foster inclusive growth. By addressing these challenges, India can build a more resilient and equitable economy, ensuring the well-being and prosperity of all its citizens.

Monday 10 July 2023

2017 TOPPERS INTERVIEWS AND THEIR STRATEGIES

 







Abhilash Baranwal
Rank: 44

Academic Background: Engineering

Previous Selections (if any): IRS

Interests/Hobbies: Poetry and reading

Optional Subject: Sociology

Number of Attempts: 4

 Congratulations on your selection! How do you feel?

Thank you. I feel elated, humbled and relieved.

 What attracted you to Civil Services?

There was always a latent desire in me to prepare for civil services as this is considered to be the most prestigious service. But the desire got wings during my job at Oil India Limited where I got exposed to the ways administration can help people. Moreover, I also got an opportunity to serve as Presiding Officer in two different elections which strengthened my conviction for civil services.

 When did you start your preparation - along with graduation, immediately after it or something else?

I started my preparation in 2013. So I was already working for more than 1.5 years by then.

 Was this your first attempt? If not, what changes did you make in your strategy for this attempt?

This was my 4th attempt. I made a few minor changes in this attempt. For example, I gave more emphasis on the Essay paper, practised to structure my answers better, and organized my Optional notes in a better manner for easy revision. I feel CSE is quite an unpredictable examination and thus it is important to have faith in one’s strategy. But one should always be ready for course corrections. For example, I changed my style of answer writing from paragraph-wise to point-wise after my first attempt.

 Were you satisfied with your level of preparation before the exam and were you hopeful of being successful?

I wasn’t entirely satisfied as I failed to complete even a single mock-test paper within 3 hours. I got penalized for the same as I couldn’t complete some of my papers of general studies in CS Mains. I was hoping for a rank improvement over last time.

 Considering the extensive syllabus of general studies in preliminary examination and main examination, what strategy did you adopt?

Since the syllabus is extensive, it is important to be organized in your preparation. Be cautious while selecting the source for every topic, but once selected stick to it. Limit the sources for better time management and completion of syllabus.

 Did you give special emphasis to some particular sections or equal emphasis on all sections? In your opinion, can certain sections be skipped by assuming them to be not so important?

I paid equal emphasis on all sections barring the two topics i.e. Art & Culture and Science & Technology. These two topics have more uncertainty in terms of the questions asked and hence the benefit (marks)/cost (time) ratio is poor. Hence, I paid less emphasis on them.

 How much time did you take to complete your preparation for all the three stages of the examination? Did you prepare for each stage in sequence or for all the stages simultaneously?

Since this was my 4th attempt, I required relatively lesser time. I devoted around 2-3 weeks for prelims (time between result declaration of CSE 2016 and prelims in 2017), 2.5 months for Mains and 1 month for interview.

 How important do you think is making own notes with studies? Please enlighten on the basis of your experience.

Notes were very essential for me. Although a tedious job, but pays rich dividends as examination approaches. It helps in quick revision and organization of the study materials. But I didn’t make notes of the materials which are already in notes form like in the Laxmikanth etc.

 Did you rely on any electronic material and other social networking sites for your preparation? If yes, did you find them useful? Please share some websites you frequented.

I have been a full-time working aspirant and was posted in Assam. Hence electronic materials did form an important part of my preparation. But I only used them for value addition instead of making them my mainstay of preparation. Important websites would be pmfias.com, mrunal.org, insightsonindia.com, gktoday, youtube etc.

 How did you determine which books, magazines and periodicals to study and which to ignore/leave?

I purchased many books for the same topics on basis of recommendation from different toppers posted on the Internet. But after going through them, I used to select the most relevant and effective ones. For example, I purchased and read three books of polity i.e., Subhash Kashyap, D. D. Basu and Laxmikanth; but finally I settled on Laxmikanth. I couldn’t get my hands on any periodicals in Assam, although several people have recommended following at-least one periodical.

 In your opinion, how useful is participating in mock test series at different stages of this examination?

Mock tests are extremely useful. I didn’t join any test series in my first attempt and paid heavy penalties in General Studies. But one must not pay too much emphasis on marks obtained in such tests. What’s important is writing practice, execution of strategies developed for writing answers etc.

 How did you tackle the challenge of time management- whether it was on a daily, monthly or annual basis?

Time management was a must for me as I was a full-time working candidate. I feel the ability to prioritize and self-discipline are the keys.

 How did you maintain consistency in preparation despite the de-motivating and often frustrating nature of this exam?

I consider myself to be extremely fortunate because I tasted early success in my first attempt itself. I featured in the Reserved List and that was a huge morale booster. I feel if the motivation behind preparation is original, aspirants would bounce back quickly after any setback. It is also important to not let go of everything while preparing. Some time should be taken out for what one likes to do. It helps in maintaining energy levels.

 On an average, how many hours in a day did you devote to studies? What activities did you indulge in when not studying?

My study hours differed because of the nature of the job I was in. But on an average I tried to manage 4-5 hours on all working days. If not studying, I would be watching movies, hanging out with friends, reading some poetry, or walking.

 What was your optional subject? Did you study it during your graduation or at any level after that? If not, on what basis did you choose it?

Sociology. I am a Petroleum Engineer which is not available as an optional. So I chose my optional quite systematically. I purchased the basic books of Public Administration, Psychology and Sociology. Got bored with the first two, while the Sociology book was un-put-down-able for me. I got my answer. For my preparation, I took leave from office for a few months and did classes at Daksh IAS from Praveen Pandey sir and it helped me in building my foundation. Later on, I joined online test series of Bibhaas Sharma sir in my later attempts.

 Some people say that some optional subjects are smaller, easier and more scoring than other subjects and hence are more popular. In your opinion, would it be right to say so? While choosing your optional subject did you consider its popularity as a basis?

It is difficult to actually predict anything about CSE. Moreover the toughest part of preparation is having to read the same thing over and over again. So I feel one must choose an optional that he/she enjoys. Although it is true that syllabus of some subjects are smaller than some others, but optional subjects in CSE are like companies listed in Stock Exchange. And the most important warning is: Past performances are not a guarantee for the future. Moreover one should also choose an optional according to one’s strength. For example, people with good writing skills may have an advantage in subjects like Sociology.

 In your opinion, to what extent is success in main examination dependent on the answer writing style? What approach did you follow in developing the right style of answer writing?

Answer writing style is very important for Mains. In fact, I learned this hard lesson only after getting penalised in my 1st attempt. However this only means that certain basic conditions should be fulfilled like simple language, proper structuring of answers, substantiating your points, balanced approach, neat presentation etc. I followed the Intro-Body-Conclusion format and wrote in points. I tried to write complete sentences instead of half-ones.

 How did you prepare for the essay?  On what basis did you select the topics of the essay in the exam hall?

Joined a test series for the essay and wrote at least 10 essays. I selected topics on basis of the content that I had on them and my level of comfort with the topic.

 How did you prepare for the interview? Does the preparation done during the short period immediately after the mains result actually help in the interview?

I formed a study group with some of my friends for interview preparation. I prepared topics related to my DAF thoroughly; prepared answers for some tricky questions with help of friends and organized mocks amongst ourselves. Along with that I gave few mock interviews at different institutes as well.

 Please share some of the questions asked to you during the interview.

My interview was mostly on expected lines. Questions were from my home state (Jharkhand), qualification (Petroleum Engineering), and current service (IRS – Indirect Taxes and Customs). Apart from that some questions were from Commonwealth games and Hindi poetry (my hobby).

 Which board conducted your interview? Does the board that you get for interview make a difference in the result?

It was PK Joshi sir’s board. And I don’t think that it really matters which board is interviewing you. I have given three interviews so far for civil services and all three were taken by different boards. But surprisingly I have got the exact same 171 marks in all the three interviews. So it is futile and wrong to believe that some boards are more suitable to your personality or are more scoring.

 Is it necessary to support/justify/endorse the policies and views of the government while writing the answers of civil services examination or replying in the interview? Can the government’s opinion on any issue be opposed?

The questions of Mains are non-controversial and hence it is advisable to argue in favour of government policies. But interview questions may veer towards grey areas and a nuanced criticism of the government policy is acceptable. For example topics like prohibition, beef ban, Jallikattu etc can be argued from both sides equally well. But the government decisions are backed by adequate reasoning and it is important to know those reasons before being able to criticise the policy.

 How important do you think it is to have an alternate career back-up while preparing for civil services? Which path had you chosen?

I feel having a back-up plan is important. UPSC CSE is a very tough examination and has reasonable amount of unpredictability. Moreover after 2 serious attempts, one should be able to manage preparations along with a job. I have been a full-time working aspirant and it allowed me to stay focussed even when I didn’t get expected success in earlier attempts.

 How did you manage studies while working?

I was engaged in a job that was a mixture of office work and field visits. As a result, I couldn’t really have a fixed schedule. Quite frequently I had to stay at the field for entire night. So my strategy was simple. Just utilize whatever time you got. I had to curtail my involvement in sports, official and non-official parties and limit my phone conversations with friends. Left me with 4-5 hours of net study (not gross) every day on an average.

 We wish you all the best for your future.

Thanks a lot.

 

 

 

 


 


Anu Kumari 
Rank: 2

Academic Background: Graduation: B.Sc (Hons) in Physics from Delhi University
MBA (Finance and Marketing) from IMT, Nagpur

Work Experience: 9 years in corporate sector

Optional Subject: Sociology

Number of Attempts: 2

Subject

Marks

Essay (Paper-I)

153

General Studies-I (Paper-II)

102

General Studies-II (Paper-III)

129

General Studies-III (Paper-IV)

134

General Studies-IV (Paper-V)

101

Optional-I (Sociology) (Paper-VI)

163

Optional-II (Sociology) (Paper-VII)

155

Writen Total

937

Personality Test

187

Final Total

1124

 What attracted you to Civil Services?

Basically there was a sense of dissatisfaction in my private job, and a sense of monotony -doing the same analytical work everyday. It was pretty meaningless and hollow. Initially, there was a sense of learning, but with time, even that learning had subsided. I was not content, doing all this. With only two attempts left, I decided to take the plunge. I couldn’t afford to postpone it any longer, I was short of time due to my age.

 When did you start your preparation?

I left my job in June 2016, and the exam was in August. So, for 15 days, I was searching the right books, trying to grasp where to study from.

 This was not your first attempt, so what changes did you make in your strategy for this attempt?

My first attempt was after only 45 days of preparation; so, I knew that I won’t be able to clear it. Still, I was short of only one mark. So I started to prepare for the next year’s exam again, properly.

 Were you satisfied with your level of preparation before the exam and were you hopeful of being successful?

I was confident with my preparation, because if we talk about my Optional paper, I had written four or five tests for it, and my answers were being appreciated. So I knew that perhaps I was on the right track. I used to get my answers evaluated for GS, and I got some really good reviews. I remember I could not attempt a ten mark question in the sociology section, and one in GS 4. This did cause a bit of dissatisfaction, but I was sure that I would be able to clear the Mains.

 What do you consider as your formula of success?

Consistency, optimism and time management.

 Considering the extensive syllabus of general studies in preliminary examination and main examination, what strategy did you adopt in preparing for it?

It is important that we follow the syllabus strictly, and keep our resources limited. I did not follow some of the books that everyone did. I tried to get clarity on the concepts, revised the same thing multiple times, and focussed on current affairs.

 In your opinion, can certain sections be skipped by assuming them to be not so important?

I did leave some topics completely. I left world distribution of resources, in Geography. Except for World War I and World War II, I had skipped World History as well. Except for this, I studied everything else again and again, including essay.

 How important do you think is the preparation of notes with studies? Please enlighten on the basis of your experience.

I think it is better to revise the entire topic, I never made notes from NCERT, or even for my Optional - sociology. I always kept it comprehensive. But I did realise that studying the entire Current Affairs would be difficult during the time between Prelims and Mains, so I studied from notes, but not before the Prelims. I did this only for the Mains because of the vast course and limited time, that too, only for the Current Affairs.

 Did you rely on electronic material and other social networking sites for your preparation? If yes, did you find them useful? Please share some websites you frequented.

Sometimes, these websites tend to confuse you, given their huge number and the varied material found in these. So it is better to follow only one specific website.

Also, it is important to follow these websites judiciously. I followed Insight on India; they put various topics in different columns, and that is helpful. I also solved MCQs given on the website.

 In your opinion, how useful is participating in mock test series at different stages of this examination? Please share on the basis of your experience.

Mock test series helped me a lot with my preparation for the Interviews, because everyone was telling me to prepare for DAF. I went to Sankalp Classes. They charged a very nominal fee and helped me with a thorough preparation. They helped me with my state specific preparation. The mock interviews also helped me gain insight on the variety of questions, and I prepared the answers for over a thousand questions.

 How did you tackle the challenge of time management whether it be on a daily basis, monthly or annual?

My strategy was to have long term targets and then to break them into daily, achievable goals. Prelims and Mains were done simultaneously and it takes one complete year to properly cover the vast syllabus. I used to make sure that I revise the topics everyday. I planned the time I would devote to each subject; and I used to calculate the time required to cover all the topics, and made sure I have a specific plan of covering all the topics.

 How did you maintain consistency in preparation despite the de-motivating and often frustrating nature of this exam?

I used to talk to my father and my brother; they used to boost my morale. Also, talk to your true friends. There are a lot of people who will put you down and take advantage of your vulnerability. I used to read motivational and spiritual thoughts, often quotes from Swami Vivekananda. I used to analyse where my demotivation is coming from; and I worked on that. Solving the problem which is the reason behind the lack of motivation is very important. I used to think about my past achievements, and that helped me regain my self confidence.

 What activities did you indulge in when not studying?

I am an avid painter and dancer. Though I couldn't dance much,I used to paint sometimes. I used to scribble in the margins of my notebooks, while studying and revising as well.

 What was your Optional subject? Did you study it during your Graduation or at any level after that? If not, on what basis did you choose it?

My Optional was Sociology. I had never studied it at any level. My brother had filled my form for my first attempt. He had opted for Sociology and I later found the subject very interesting and decided to stick to it. I started to study Sociology after the Prelims of my first attempt. The syllabus was concise and overlapped with a lot of social topics.

 In your opinion, to what extent is success in Main examination is dependent on answer writing style? What approach did you follow in developing the right style of answer writing?

Practising answer writing is very important for the preparation, and so is appearing for the mock test series. It is not important to follow one particular strategy, whether one will focus on statics or current; you have to be balanced.

Also, I used to refer Secure Initiative on InsightsonIndia; to prepare for the Mains. I used to read the Current Affairs part and make notes on the same. I did this, repeatedly on every single day, for four or five months. This helped me in time management and to present the concepts while writing the answers.

Also, when you write the conclusion, end it on a positive note; you can talk about the problems in the entire answer, but give the solutions to them. And certain things enrich your answer, like data. Use statistics in your answer… that really helps, and so does the recommendation of the expert committee and diagrams.

 What strategy did you adopt with respect to writing the essay- introduction and conclusion or the standard way?

It is important to focus on all the aspects, social, political, technical and the economic, of the topic. It is also necessary to have a continuity in the paragraphs; for example, if you are discussing the social issues in one paragraph, start the next with the impacts of the same, etc.

 Given the increasing scope of questions being asked in the Ethics paper, for example John Rawl’s theory, Gandhi’s Seven Sins, Public Service Code, et., What strategy should one adopt for preparing for GS Paper 4? Please share your personal experience.

The questions hardly comes from out of course. If you talk about the John Rawl’s theory, most of the Ethics books had mentioned it. I made sure that I studied about all these thinkers, case studies, etc. Given the dynamics, one can never be sure of what will be asked and what not.

 What strategy did you follow in the Mains answer writing- attempt more questions with standard answers or giving exceptional/ above average answers and compromising on the number of questions?

I think one should answer all the questions, even if the quality is a bit compromised. It is always better to emphasise on completing the paper. This happened with me too, in the Ethics paper.

 How should one attempt questions about which one has no inkling or knows very less? For example- questions on Mcbride Commission, allelopathy or other world history questions?

I think we should write something, but not anything that insults the examiner. We can write something about the topic, anything vague that we know; but not more than that.

 Does the board that you get for interview make a difference in the result?

I do not think so. An interview board known to give high marks has also given lowest of marks.It depends on a lot of factors, how was your day, the type of questions asked, and so on. Also, there are five people who determine the marks, not one.

 We wish you all the best for your future.

Thanks a lot.

 



 

 


 

Vallari Mahendra Gaikwad
Rank: 131

Academic Background: Graduation: Law BSL LLB (ILS law College, Pune.)
Post Graduation: LLM in Constitutional Law (Department of law,
Pune university, Pune)

Optional Subject: Law

Number of Attempts: 4

 Congratulations on your selection! How do you feel?

Thank you! I feel relieved to begin with, and then a big feeling of elation too.

 What attracted you to the civil services?

The services which one gets, be it IAS, IFS or IPS and their individual work-profile is unparalleled with any other services out there. Hence, the opportunity to undertake challenging work full of responsibility, and one which has potential to have direct impact on many lives seemed like the kind of work that’ll give me the service satisfaction that I seek.

 When did you start your preparation- along with graduation, immediately after it or something else?

The thought of appearing for CSE occurred to me while I was pursuing my post graduation. So, I began my full fledged preparation only after having completed my PG.

 Was this your first attempt? If not, what changes did you make in your strategy for this attempt?

No. In my first prelims, I missed the cut off by 2 marks! So, for the next attempt, my bigger priority was clearing prelims. Therefore, I deeply analysed the mistakes that I’d committed and tried to read my own mind as to why I marked those questions wrong while in the exam hall. I realized that most of the mistakes could have been easily avoided had I been a little more careful, as even half a mark makes a huge difference in reaching the cut off!

I also tried analysing the questions that UPSC might ask, based on analysis on previous years questions and prepared static and current affairs part thoroughly. This was coupled with solving umpteen number of mock tests.

 Were you satisfied with your level of preparation before the exam and were you hopeful of being successful?

For, prelims, I was mentally satisfied with my preparation and revisions done, so was hopeful of scoring more than the cut off. But the same cannot be said about mains, as a lot of subjectivity is involved. I wasn’t completely satisfied as there was always a feeling, in retrospect that a particular answer could have been written better, but then again, in mains, one has to only do relatively better! Therefore, my focus was on completing the paper, writing precise and to the point answer to each and every question while not compromising on the presentation style. I was sure that I had done the best I could in that moment.

 How is the UPSC examination different from other examinations?

In multiple ways, but to mention just three:

First would be the duration of this exam which takes one full year and so we are engaged in the process for a long time. One mistake in any of the three stages and it’s back to square one!

Second would be the huge competition spanning all over India numbered in lakhs vis-a-vis the small number of vacancies. So the level of competition is really cut throat!

Third would be the uncertainty and vastness of studies involved despite the mentioned syllabus. Especially for prelims, one has to read and revise a lot as width of the knowledge, common sense, etc gets tested. In mains, the depth of knowledge, quality of answers, speed, time management etc gets tested, and in PT, the overall personality gets tested by a highly intellectual panel. I don’t think any other exam comes close to CSE and hence it’s rightly called the mother of all examinations in India.

 What do you consider as your formula of success?

Patience and perseverance are a sine qua non for this exam. There’s no one formula, but, self analysing the pulse of UPSC, trusting intuition regarding what information is or is not important as segregation is vital when there’s overload of material. Proper revision and use of educated guesses in prelims, focussing more on quality content and writing innovative answers for mains. Maintaining consistency in studies is important and I tried to be balanced and have equanimity during ups and downs.

 Considering the extensive syllabus of general studies in preliminary examination and main examination, what strategy did you adopt?

I did integrated studies for both. I focussed more on understanding the concepts, the news, the what why when of all issues and kept close to syllabus so as to not divert. Strategy was designed to cover each topic of syllabus thoroughly. Self notes from newspaper and internet for dynamic topics also helped.

 Did you give special emphasis to some particular sections or equal emphasis on all sections? In your opinion, can certain sections be skipped by assuming them to be not so important?

I tried to cover all topics mentioned in the syllabus, such that I had a basic idea of everything. But there isn’t enough time to dedicate equally to all topics. Therefore, analysing few topics (like freedom struggle for example) that are more important than others becomes necessary and I did such topics in extra detail. But when it comes to optional subjects, covering all sections is absolutely essential.

 How much time did you take to complete your preparation for all the three stages of the examination? Did you prepare for each stage in sequence or for all the stages simultaneously?

Prelims and mains was done simultaneously and it takes one complete year to properly cover the vast syllabus. Interview stage is a different ballgame and preparing the DAF and a few mocks do suffice.

 How important do you think is making own notes with studies? Please enlighten on the basis of your experience.

I personally think that self made notes are very important. The yearlong exercise of taking out notes from newspaper in my own words also helped immensely during mains as answer writing habit was indirectly strengthened. Besides, it’s easier to revise, read and remember notes that are written in your own handwriting. I remember, a week before the mains exam, I’d only carried my own notes for revision, so yes, they are quite important.

 Did you rely on any electronic material (e-notes/videos etc.) and other social networking sites for your preparation? If yes, did you find them useful? Please share some websites you frequented.

Given the dynamic nature of UPSC CSE questions, it has become rather important to be constantly updated about events. Also, everything is not covered in the static portion of books so taking recourse to the internet becomes essential.

I referred to Wikipedia for basic understanding, and used to scan Insights, Mrunal etc. Also referred to government ministry websites to get authentic information, referred to IDSA for defence related articles and to EPW for good articles on current issues. Listened to RSTV debates and spotlight analysis of news on radio as well, and took out brief notes of all these.

 How did you determine which books, magazines and periodicals to study and which to ignore/leave?

All the basic NCERT’s and important reference books which are well known have to be done. Role of magazines and periodicals is limited to supplementing your knowledge and providing additional fodder material. I used to quickly scan through Yojana, EPW and see if both the topic/theme as well as the author are relevant enough.

 In your opinion, how useful is participating in mock test series at different stages of this examination? Please share on the basis of your experience.

Very important, as it is via mocks, be it in any of the three stages, that we are able to judge ourselves, our weaknesses and our level of preparation. Mocks during prelims acquaint us with our unique styles, how much are we able to attempt, whether and where to take risks etc. This strategy should be ready before the actual exam. Mains, answer writing surely helps, although I didn’t join any as I was comfortable in this aspect. For personality test, a few mocks should ideally be given as they help gain feedback and confidence.

 How did you tackle the challenge of time management- whether it was on a daily, monthly or annual basis?

Long before the exam, the focus was on covering topics and conceptual understanding. Hence I did targeted studies and time wasn’t really a factor. Sometimes I studied for 18 hours at a stretch and other times just two hours. So it was quite haphazard, but as long as syllabus was getting covered, I was okay. But as exam approaches, a more organized and planned time management is required to complete reading and revision.

 How did you maintain consistency in preparation despite the de-motivating and often frustrating nature of this exam?

The feeling of frustration during preparation is common in all aspirants such that the fire may go through periods of highs and lows but it’s important to keep it burning throughout!

Engaging in constructive hobbies, exercising etc saves one from monotony. I also used to watch a lot of relevant movies for a change. Equanimity was the key.

 Do you think group study helps? Please tell based on your experience.

It’s really an individual thing. I was always comfortable doing isolated studies.

 What was your optional subject? Did you study it during your graduation?

I had graduated in law and hence chose law optional.

 Some people say that some optional subjects are smaller, easier and more scoring and hence more popular. In your opinion would it be right to say so? While choosing your optional subject did you consider it’s popularity as a basis?

In general studies papers, the level of knowledge expected is that of a generalist. But in optional, graduation level i.e. higher standard of knowledge is expected. It is true that some subjects are more popular, but I believe that an individual must go through the syllabus and previous years questions before deciding on an optional as that subject will have to be read in detail and hence having an interest or passion is important. Besides, given the unpredictable nature of UPSC, it’s better to take optional based on comfort (possibly the graduation subject).

With me, law was quite an unconventional subject and I was advised by seniors to not opt for it as it is not scoring, but I felt that I knew more about law than other optional and hence it made sense to study that in further detail than to start an altogether new optional from scratch.

I must mention here that since there is a paucity of good material on law optional, my notes on International Law, Torts and Contracts is soon going to be published for the benefit of aspirants taking law optional.

 In your opinion, to what extent is success in main examination dependant on the answer writing style? What approach did you follow in developing the right style of answer writing?

During graduation itself, I had good enough practice of writing answers, so in UPSC, I only had to work on compressing the answers and writing to the point. The format of intro-body-conclusion was followed but I always added a positive way forward, or a statistic, data, report or any piece of information relevant to the question such that it showed a connect with the current happenings. I also referred to toppers answers online and extracted good things I found therein. Important words were underlined and diagrams were drawn only if required.

 Time management and strategy for writing essay?

Two essays are to be written in a span of three hours. So half an hour has to be given for formulating the broad contours of the essay, creating the format and developing the ideas and content in the rough work sheet attached at the end of answer sheet. Once this is done, one hour is sufficient to write a ten page essay. Content and originality, I believe, are awarded more marks than writing clichéd quotes.

 How did you prepare for the interview? Does the preparation done during that short period immediately after the mains actually help in the interview?

My interview was scheduled on the third day itself, so I didn’t get sufficient time to prepare. I focussed on knowing the contents of my DAF (Detailed Application Form) thoroughly, revised current affairs and polished my graduation subject well.

In the short period after mains, no matter how much one prepares for the interview, it seems insufficient, as anything under the sun could be asked in the interview. I gave one mock interview and the feedback was helpful. Mock interview videos of Drishti ias, KSG etc also helped.

The key in interview is to be calm, composed and honest. There’s a saying that goes: you are ready for an interview not when you know all the answers but when you can handle all the questions, and I think that its very true.

 Please share some of the questions asked to you during the interview.

One member asked: If I were to give you a choice between becoming a Lok Sabha member or a Rajya Sabha member right this second, which one would you choose and why? To which I answered that there really isn’t much of a choice here as I won’t be eligible for Rajya Sabha as I’m not 30 yet!

Other member asked me how my hobby (rifle shooting) has contributed in bettering me in my life.

Another question was opinion based, whether the words secular and integrity added in the Preamble later on via 42nd amendment was a superfluous exercise.

Interview went for about 35 minutes and it was very cordial.

 In which board did you have your interview? Does the board that you get for interview make a difference in the result?

My board was that of Ajit Bhosale sir. I don’t think which board you get matters per se, it is only on how you perform, as all boards have been known to award marks in all sorts of ranges. It is better in fact, to not go inside the interview room with any pre-conceived notions, as they may disturb you mentally and hamper an otherwise good chance at the interview.

 Is it necessary to support/justify/endorse the policies and views of the government while writing the answers of CSE or replying in the interview? Can the government’s opinion on any issue be opposed?

In the written examination, constructive criticism is actually welcomed. If the question is analysed properly and relevant criticism is made, I think that should be fine. But the way in which it is presented has to be subtle and shouldn’t sound too aggressive. And when criticism is made, it’s better that the solution for the same is also stated in two lines, as that will give a positive impression and not seem like mere cynical musings.

In the interview, it’s better when one is honest, as then, the answers come from the heart. But at the same time, personality test is also about communication, so opposing views should be presented, but they should be done in the most polite and humble way possible.

For example, one panel member seemed very concerned when he asked me don’t you think the criminal judicial system in India is favoured towards the accused, in that the defendants only have to plead not guilty and the prosecution have the entire burden of proving the alleged crime? Now, I really did not agree, so I humbly put forth my views, that in India, we purposefully have adversarial system of law, and in criminal cases, if the guilt is proved, then the punishment is incarceration, which will have the effect of depriving that person of his fundamental right of freedom and liberty, and to be able to take away such a sacred right from a man, it is only fair, that his crime is proved beyond reasonable doubts.

 How important it is to have an alternate career back-up when preparing for civil services? Which path had you chosen?

Having a back-up surely provides security in the face of such an uncertain exam. I had decided to pursue litigation in Supreme Court, had I not made it in this attempt, as I voluntarily wanted to get out of the cycle of repeated attempts! Therefore I hadn’t even filled the form for the next attempt. It should really be a personal decision depending on the situation and the individual concerned.

 We wish you all the best for your future.

Thank You.