1. Goaded – urged or provoked
Root word: Old English gād = spear, pointed stick
Mnemonic:
“GOAD = poke with a stick to provoke.”
Picture idea:
Someone poking a bull with a stick.
2. Circumvent – to go around, avoid
Root word:
-
Latin circum = around
-
Latin venire = to come
Mnemonic:
“CIRCUM (around) + VENT = go around a problem.”
Picture idea:
A person walking around a wall.
3. Inimical – harmful, hostile
Root word: Latin inimicus = enemy
Mnemonic:
“INIMICAL = INI enemy medical → harmful.”
Picture idea:
A snake near a person symbolising danger.
4. Diabolical – extremely wicked, devilish
Root word: Greek diabolos = devil, accuser
Mnemonic:
“DIA-BOLI-CAL = devil-like acts.”
Picture idea:
A devilish character smiling mischievously.
5. Protrude – to stick out
Root word: Latin prov(trudere) = to thrust forward
Mnemonic:
“PROTRUDE = project out.”
Picture idea:
A nail sticking out of wood.
6. Congruence – harmony, agreement, matching
Root word: Latin congruere = to agree, fit together
Mnemonic:
“CONGRUENT = things fitting perfectly.”
Picture idea:
Two identical shapes matching exactly.
7. Hankering – strong desire or craving
Root word: Old English hanker = to have persistent desire
Mnemonic:
“HANKERING = hungry thinking repeatedly.”
Picture idea:
A person dreaming of food.
8. Evanescent – quickly fading
Root word: Latin evanescere = to disappear
Mnemonic:
“EVANESCENT = even scent disappears quickly.”
Picture idea:
Mist or smoke fading away.
9. Hapless – unlucky, unfortunate
Root word: Old English hap = luck or chance
Mnemonic:
“HAP-LESS = without luck.”
Picture idea:
A person under a broken ladder.
10. Salacity (correct spelling: Salacity) – lustful, obscene desire
Root word: Latin salax = lustful
Mnemonic:
“SALACIOUS = sexual thoughts.”
Picture idea:
A cartoon heart-eyed face showing attraction.
11. Byzantine – overly complex, complicated
Root word: From Byzantium (ancient city known for complex politics)
Mnemonic:
“BYZANTINE = confusing like a maze.”
Picture idea:
A confusing maze.
12. Defile – to make dirty or corrupt
Root word: Latin de- = down + filum = to make foul
Mnemonic:
“DEFILE = make filthy.”
Picture idea:
Clean water being polluted by waste.
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